Lomustine

【Function and indication】Alkylating anti-tumor drugs, this product is highly lipid-soluble and can pass through the blood-brain barrier and enter the cerebrospinal fluid. It is often used for primary brain tumors (such as glioblastoma) and secondary tumors; treatment of solid tumors, such as combined drug treatment of gastric cancer, rectal cancer and bronchial lung cancer, malignant lymphoma, etc.

【Model and specification】40mg

【Usage and dosage】

Oral, adults and children are 80-100mg/square meter per body surface area, with an interval of 6-8 weeks.
During medication, attention should be paid to follow-up examinations of blood routine and platelets, blood urea nitrogen, blood uric acid, creatinine clearance, blood bilirubin, and alanine aminotransferase.
In case of concurrent infection, the infection should be treated first.

【Precautions】

1. Because it can cause mutations and aberrations, it should be prohibited for pregnant women and lactating women.
2. Interference with diagnosis: This product can cause temporary abnormal liver function.
3. Use with caution in the following situations: patients with bone marrow suppression, infection, renal insufficiency, patients who have undergone radiotherapy or anticancer drug treatment, or patients with a history of leukopenia.
4. During medication, attention should be paid to follow-up examinations of blood routine and platelets, blood urea nitrogen, blood uric acid, creatinine clearance, blood bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase, etc.
5. Patients should take antiemetics and sleeping pills before going to bed, and should not drink alcohol on the day of medication.
6. Lung function should be checked before and during treatment.

[Adverse Reactions]

1. Nausea and vomiting may occur within 6 hours after oral administration, which can be alleviated by taking sedatives or metoclopramide in advance and taking the medicine on an empty stomach; a small number of patients have gastrointestinal bleeding and liver damage.
2. Bone marrow suppression, thrombocytopenia can be seen 3 to 5 weeks after taking the medicine, and leukopenia can occur twice in the 1st and 4th weeks after taking the medicine, and it will not recover until the 6th to 8th week; but bone marrow suppression is cumulative.
3. Occasionally, systemic rash may occur, which may cause teratogenesis, and may also inhibit testicular or ovarian function, causing amenorrhea or azoospermia. Nausea, vomiting, bone marrow suppression, and pulmonary fibrosis. There are reports that long-term use of this drug may increase the incidence of nephrotoxicity.

[Contraindications]

(1) Because it may cause mutations and teratogenesis, pregnant and lactating women should be cautious when using this drug, especially in the early stages of pregnancy (3 months).

(2) Use with caution in the following situations: patients with bone marrow suppression, infection, renal insufficiency, patients who have undergone radiotherapy or anticancer drug treatment, or those with a history of low white blood cells.

(3) Use with caution in patients with ulcer disease or esophageal varices.

(4) It is contraindicated in patients with liver damage, white blood cell counts below 4,000, and platelets below 50,000.

[Drug Interactions] When this product is used in combination chemotherapy regimens, anticancer drugs that have a severe effect of reducing white blood cells and platelets should be avoided.